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This manual describes the UDUNITS-2 package, which contains a C library for units of physical quantities and a unit-definition and value-conversion utility.
Copyright 2014 University Corporation for Atmospheric Research and contributors. All rights reserved.
This software was developed by the Unidata Program Center of the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (UCAR) <http://www.unidata.ucar.edu>.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
1) Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 2) Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 3) Neither the names of the development group, the copyright holders, nor the names of contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission. 4) This license shall terminate automatically and you may no longer exercise any of the rights granted to you by this license as of the date you commence an action, including a cross-claim or counterclaim, against the copyright holders or any contributor alleging that this software infringes a patent. This termination provision shall not apply for an action alleging patent infringement by combinations of this software with other software or hardware.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE CONTRIBUTORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS WITH THE SOFTWARE.
• Introduction: | Introduction | |
• Differences: | How this package differs from the UDUNITS-1 package | |
• Installation: | Installing this package | |
• Library: | The unit library | |
• Utility: | The unit utility | |
• Database: | The unit database | |
• Support: | Support for this package | |
• Complete Index: | Complete index |
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The UDUNITS-2 package provides support for units of physical quantities. Its three main components are: 1) (udunits2lib)a C library for units of physical quantities; 2) (udunits2prog)a utility; for obtaining the definition of a unit and for converting numeric values between compatible units; and 3) an extensive database of units.
Next: Installation, Previous: Introduction, Up: Top [Contents][Index]
UDUNITS
PackageThe UDUNIT-2
package differs from the UDUNITS-1
package in the following ways:
UDUNITS-1
package only supports the ASCII character set. The UDUNITS-2
package supports the following character sets: ASCII, ISO 8859-1 (Latin-1),
and the UTF-8 encoding of ISO 10646 (Unicode). This means that unit
string specifications like "µ°F·Ωâ»Â¹
" are now supported (your
viewer must support UTF-8 to display this string correctly).
0.1 lg(re 1 mW)
" specifies a deciBel unit with a
one milliwatt reference level.
Such units are fully integrated into the package and all meaningful
operations and conversions are supported.
float
, double
, or
one-dimensional arrays of float
s or double
s.
UDUNITS-1
package. The new interface, however, is easily
understood and easy to use. To support backward comptibility,
the package does contain a version 1 C API, which uses the version 2
library.
One thing that has not changed is that almost all unit string specifications
understood by the UDUNITS-1
package are also
understood by the UDUNITS-2
package. One exception is
the symbol g
, which in version 1 of the package was associated with
standard free fall (a unit of accelleration) but which is associated
with the unit gram in version 2 of the package.
Next: Library, Previous: Differences, Up: Top [Contents][Index]
• Binary: | Installing from a binary distribution | |
• Source: | Installing from a source distribution |
Next: Source, Up: Installation [Contents][Index]
If your operating system is compatible with 64-bit CentOS 6.4 (e.g., your system
is 64-bit CentOS, Fedora, or RedHat), then create the file
/etc/yum.repos.d/unidata.repo
with the following contents:
[unidata] name=Unidata Repository baseurl=http://www.unidata.ucar.edu/repos/yum/CentOS/6/$basearch enabled=1
You should then be able to install this package in the usual manner. For example,
su - yum install udunits
If your operating system is compatible with 32-bit Ubuntu 12 (precious pangolin)
(e.g., your system is 32-bit Debian or Ubuntu), then add the following line to
the file /etc/apt/sources.list
or
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/unidata.list
:
deb http://www.unidata.ucar.edu/repos/apt i386/
You should then be able to install this package in the usual manner. For example,
su - apt-get update apt-get install udunits
Previous: Binary, Up: Installation [Contents][Index]
• Prerequisites: | Prerequisites for this package | |
• Obtain: | Obtaining this package | |
• Unix: | Installing on Unix-like environments | |
• Windows: | Installing on Windows environments |
The Expat library and header-files must be installed. Look for the library "libexpat" and the header-file "expat.h".
If this package is to be tested (which is optional), then the CUnit library and header-files must be installed. Look for the library "libcunit" and the header-files "CUnit/CUnit.h" and "CUnit/Basic.h".
If this package is to be built on a Windows system, then the CMake and MinGW packages must be installed. Look for the utility "cmake" and the directory/folder "MinGW".
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Get the source for this package from its download-page at ftp://ftp.unidata.ucar.edu/pub/udunits/ and unpack it in an appropriate place. For example,
su - cd /usr/local/src wget -O - ftp://ftp.unidata.ucar.edu/pub/udunits/udunits-2.2.26-Source.tar.gz | gunzip -c | pax -r
• Autoconf: | Autoconf-based installation | |
• CMake: | CMake-based installation |
Short instructions:
./configure [--prefix=root] [--disable-shared] [CC=path] make make check # optional; requires CUNIT installation make install # also installs INFO documentation make install-html install-pdf # optional make clean
By default, the installation root is /usr/local
.
Long instructions:
cd udunits-2.2.26
distclean
target using the make utility from step 2:
make distclean
The option --disable-shared
causes the build process to create
a static library only: a sharable library is not created.
This option is necessary if the libtool
utility that’s included
in this package can’t build a sharable library using the given compiler.
configure
script.
Specify the installation prefix, the compiler from the
previous step, and any required option.
For example, if you are on an HP-UX system and want to use
the /bin/c89
compiler and install under /opt
,
then the following command is appropriate:
./configure --prefix=/opt --disable-shared CC=/bin/c89
If the installation prefix is not specified, then the default
is to install under /usr/local
.
If the compiler isn’t specified, then the default is to use
gcc
.
make
check
target using the
make utility from step 2:
make check
This step is only effective if the configure
script found an
installed CUNIT
unit-testing package. If that package wasn’t
found, then the above command will quickly exit without testing this
package.
install
target using the make utility from
step 2:
make install
make install-html install-pdf
clean
target using the make utility
from step 2:
make clean
cmake make all [test] install [install_test]
where the arguments in square brackets are optional.
Currently, only a 32-bit MinGW-based installation is supported:
cmake -G "MinGW Makefiles" cmake --build . [-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=dir] -- all [test] install [install_test]
where arguments in square brackets are optional.
The default installation-prefix is
"C:\Program Files (x86)\udunits-2.
minor.bug", where
minor and bug are the minor version and bug-fix level,
respectively.
Next: Utility, Previous: Installation, Up: Top [Contents][Index]
See (udunits2lib)UDUNITS Library, for details on this package’s unit library.
See (udunits2prog)UDUNITS Utility, for details on this package’s unit utility.
The database for the UDUNITS-2 package comprises one XML file containing unit prefixes and four XML files containing unit definitions:
Next: Complete Index, Previous: Database, Up: Top [Contents][Index]
The home-page for this package can be found at http://www.unidata.ucar.edu/software/udunits/.
Bug reports should be sent to support-udunits@unidata.ucar.edu.
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